Wood glues:

Titebond II and III.  Titebond Speed Set.  Hot hide glue.  For liquid protein glue my favorite is fish glue.  It has all of the good properties of LHG and seems to have a better shelf life.  I've never had a bottle go bad on me.

Probably 90% of the time it's Titebond II.

I'll get to the other types later.

Half of what we read or hear about finishing is right. We just don’t know which half! — Bob Flexner