A lot of good information here.
I started looking into going down this road, for the house, a couple years ago. It started with building a new filter box so I could use three, instead of one. Too, because my house HVAC uses 5" filters, I was going to stay with them.
The design grew from there. It uses allthread and jig knobs to allow me to use thinner filters, or to add screens or cheap glass filters to filter out kids, cats, bricks and what have you. As well, I could, if desired, add a charcoal filter.
Then the design schemes included a portable version, like the ones in this post. It would, like my HVAC, rely on a three or four speed squirrel cage. It would use at least four 5" filters and would scrub a lot more of what we have to dust for out of the air.
My HVAC was set up on a single speed, but I bought a stacked switch, jumpered the input terminals, installed it on the HVAC, then wired it in, to allow me to drop or raise the speed.
Though many may not know it, nearly every furnace or HVAC squirrel cage is capable of three or four speeds.
Another great add to these is, an manometer or a Magnahelic gauge by which the filter condition can be monitored. This is a great help on my home system and my shop dust collectors.
The home HVAC uses a 1" Magnahelic gauge, which taps into the airflow between the filter and the fan. The more clogged the filter(s) become, the higher the gauge reads. By noting the reading when a new filter is added, its condition can be tracked.
NOTE: Merely that two companies sell filters with the same MERV rating does not mean the amount of air they allow to pass will be anywhere near the same.
My 3 horse dust collectors required a Magnahelic gauge with a much higher capability, since it would peg the needle installing it at the intake port.
An alternative to overcoming pegging the needle is, use a valve that allows you do damp down how much air is drawn.
This would be a MUST, if using a manometer on a dust collector, because if would empty the gauge before you could pull back from the install.